Pros and cons of working at home Essay

Many people work at home using modern technology today. Some people think only the worker benefit from this, not the employers. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Essay: Technology is rapidly changing everything in the world, including the way people work. Working at home, as a new mode of work enabled by internet and multimedia technologies, is getting increasingly popular in some industries, especially the burgeoning IT sector. However, people have differing views on this new work mode. For example, it is believed that it only benefits employees, rather than the employers. I tend to agree with this view to large degree.Among all the differing views people have on this new work mode, I’m very inclined to the view that it only benefits employees, rather than employers. Apparently, by no means can the benefits of working at home for employees cannot be denied. To start with, nothing can be more comfortable and relaxing than working in their one’s own homes which are the most familiar environment to them. They He even can even settle back in their his soft sofa in his living halls, and drink have their his favouritefavorite drinks, or even enjoy an exciting action movie while working on their laptops. In addition, they an employee also havecould have much time to spend with their his family if theyhe could do his work at home. This new mode of work might be the most effective remedy for many family problems that are caused by the lack of time to be with family.They even can have meals with spouse and kids or see them anytime they like. Furthermore, an employ working at home could be saved working at home can save employees much expense and time that would spent on their way to and from work every day. However, what is unfair to employers is that they can hardly benefit from this new work mode, except that some overhead, like office rent and water/electricity bills, can be saved. The most unfavourable worrying problem of this new mode has to do with team building. A lack of face-to-face communication between team members employees that work at their own homesdue to their different locations, can could essentially undermine the team spirit and also is also likely to cause problemscreate barriers for in collaboration and cooperation between them team members. Similarly, it also could set intangible obstacle hurdles to team managers in their day-to-day team management, for it. It will bewould be rather difficult for mangers to supervise employees and monitor their performance. In  conclusion, although technology makes working at home mode possible, the only one beneficiary of this advancement is the employees. What employers and manager can get from it is will be nothing but troubles in the end.

She Stoops to Conquer- Male Characters

‘Through a close analysis of the presentation of at least two of the plays male characters, show how Goldsmith presents attitudes towards women in the play’ Oliver Goldsmith has cleverly composed an exceptionally successful comedic play, belonging to the Pastoral Genre, comprising of many key themes and ideas including that of the attitudes of males toward females, the social divide between the lower and upper class and the idea of progress and tradition.Through the numerous linguistic and dramatic devices including dramatic incitement and comedic language, Goldsmith is able to portray the attitudes displayed by the male characters such as Mr Hardcastle, Charles Marlow and George Hastings towards women within the play. Firstly, the fictitious Mr Hardcastle shows varying attitudes towards women in the play. We initially see a very traditional and prude attitude towards his daughter, Kate Hardcastle.Goldsmith implies that Mr Hardcastle has a very traditional, typically pas toral view towards women in the sense that they should be the pinnacle of youth and beauty, but also very pure and simple, all attributes which relate back to the pastoral. This is shown when Mr Hardcastle encourages Kate to dress in what he believes to be appropriate- ‘Blessings on my pretty innocence! Drest out as usual, my Kate. Goodness! What quantity of superfluous silk has thou got about thee, girl! In this sense, we see Mr Hardcastle appear very traditional and extremely authoritative over Kate, suggesting a strict attitude. Mr Hardcastle appears to believe that his orders should be followed by the women, as he has power over them once again implying that women are innocent, pure and a reflection of Eve, revealing key elements to the pastoral. Although within the Exposition stage of the play, we see Kate abide by her fathers wishes- ‘in the evening, I put on my house-wife’s dress to please you’, Mr Hardcastle displays an alternative attitude over wom en, implying he is very respectful and caring.This is shown when he informs Kate- ‘If he be what he has shewn himself, I’m determined he shall never have my consent’, suggesting that although Mr Hardcastle upholds extremely traditional values, he is willing to put them aside to ensure the happiness of his daughter, displaying a more modernised, protective attitude towards women. Goldsmith is able to show attitudes towards women through the character of Charles Marlow. In the Complication stage of the play, Goldsmith introduces ‘Comedy of Manners’, which explores codes of behaviour in sections of upper and middle class to display Marlow’s conflicting attitudes towards women.As we see Kate transform and disguise into a lower class barmaid, the audience are equally surprised to see the change in Marlow’s behaviour and attitude as he goes from being a nervous, ‘bumbling fool’, to an over confident, boastful man, who is certainl y not shy around women of a lower class, often treating them with an air of great disrespect, as though they are merely a possession to him- ‘I vow, child, you are vastly handsome’.Marlow appears to have a differing attitude depending on the class in which women belong. As he greets Kate as someone who belongs to the upper class, he is respectful and has a gentlemanly manner, referring to her as ‘Madam’. Through this we see Marlow appear to be very insecure and intimidated, suggesting that he has an enormous sense of inferiority when it comes to upper class women.Despite this, Marlow displays a change in attitude towards the female character of Kate when she disguises herself as a barmaid, suggesting he views women as being merely a possession for men to do what they wish- ‘If you keep me at this distance, how is it possible you and I can ever be acquainted’. Through this characterisation, Goldsmith presents ‘class conflict’, maske d with an element of comedy and farce to reveal Marlow’s view upon women. Finally, Goldsmith presents a very traditional view upon women through the characterisation of George Hastings.From the exposition of the play, we learn that Hastings is deeply in love with Miss Constance Neville, whom he is desperate to marry. Hastings appears to be attracted to Constance initially because of her undoubtable beauty and youth, purity and innocence, which are all aspect of pastoral. As Constance informs Hastings that she cannot marry him until she has claimed her jewels, we see that Hastings wants to be the one to provide for her, suggesting a traditional and protective attitude, as he states materialistic goods are not needed- ‘Perish all the baubles!Your person is all I desire’. Goldsmith presents a romantic, optimistic attitude over women and marriage in the view of Hastings. Despite this, we also learn that Hastings views women as something with which he can relieve his teasing and flirtatious nature, which is shown when he is seen complimenting Mrs Hardcastle with sarcasm- ‘extremely elegant and degagee, upon my word, Madam’.With the use of ‘Parody’, Hastings implies that although he upholds traditional values, he views women to be gullible creatures, whom he can mock and tease, although in a light hearted and mischievous, comedic sense. Overall, through the use of dramatic incitement, characterisation and various types of comedy including Parody, Farce and Comedy of Manners, Goldsmith has cleverly presented the typical attitude males had over women at the time in which the play was written.All of the male characters within the play share similar attitudes in the sense that they have power and status over the women within the play, as they are typically viewed as being innocent and pure in a pastoral sense, however in some ways the audience will see that this is beginning to change as women’s roles are evolving. At times women appear to be more powerful than the men within the play, such as how Kate is able to deceive and trick Marlow into believing she was a barmaid. Goldsmith has presented a traditional, yet respectful attitude towards women through the play in its entirety.

Finance - Budgeting Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Finance - Budgeting Paper - Essay Example Thus, an external way is proposed to finance the budget deficit financed by collection of taxes. The budget deficit is expected to accrue from the demand of residents of Kelsey state for more security operations around the City of Kelsey to curb the rising insecurity levels in recent times (Premchad 1989). Also, the recent federal government policy to cut down state government financial allocations will reduce the amount of funds needed to satisfy all the state priorities. The money sourced from the new source is to be fully allocated to the security department within the city council of Kelsey. This will be essential for more local policing surveillance around the city and its environs. Also, in order to fill the deficit created, the budget committee has proposed a number of fund reductions in some state operations in the coming year. The fund that would have being allocated to the proposed departments to face fund reduction, is under the proposal of the committee to be channeled to wards hiring more police officers, increased surveillance and building of new prisons in the coming fiscal year (Adams and Williams 2010). 2.0 June 2012/ June 2013 Budget Plan; The budgetary plan for this fiscal year as illustrated below is an outline of the general framework of budget goals and objectives that needs to be met on state operations, servicing debts, capital expenditure, state reserves and financial reporting (Lee, Joyce and Wayne 2008). The budget plan proposal for this fiscal year provides standards that can allow current budget performance to be measured against in the future budget proposals that may face similar or unique problems the city of Kelsey is currently facing. The city is facing a security threat from a rate of crime it has never faced before. The rate of crime has been noted as a big threat towards the social, political and economical development to the resident of Kelsey city. This has called for an immediate action against the crimes to prevent the ci ty from the posing disaster. I, as the budget manager of Kelsey state fiscal budget together with the budget committee have come up with a budget proposal that tries to reflect the cure of the problem (Riley and Colby 1991). The annual budget, under the fiscal policy of Kelsey state as per the state statue is adopted by November and completed in June. The budget is required under the state fiscal policy also, to be debated for six months prior to its adoption. Under the current environment of an escalating crime level, I have proposed that the fiscal cycle to be amended in order for the security concerned departments to access funds to curb the crimes. The budget proposal should be debated in the month of May by the mayor and the council and adopted in June. This has been noted that it will be against the fiscal policy of Kelsey state, but it will be necessary in the fight against the crime level before it hits uncontrollable level. 2.1 Operating budget plan; The current revenues wi ll not be enough to finance current operating expenditures. This is as a result of the proposal to increase budget allocation towards policing operations. The estimated general fund for the state operating revenue is expected to be $ 40 millions and the expenditures under operations are expected to be $ 50 millions. The ratio of the two estimates stands at 1: 1.25 which means the estimated

Google Launches Cloud Storage Nearline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Google Launches Cloud Storage Nearline - Essay Example The targets are the users of Google Cloud Platform and those using storage solutions of data’s brand name to perform backups. It is also an alternative to enterprises with in-house storage systems, or store user data using startups with mobile applications. NetApp, Geminare, Iron Mountain and Symantec enterprises, providers of storage systems, have collaborated with Google to incorporate Nearline in their products (Burnett, 2011). The data is saved in multiple locations such that even if one location goes offline the data remains intact for accessibility. Application Programming Interface (API) accesses the stored data using a data communications method known as Representational State Transfer (REST) that is understood by many developers. In the field of business/commerce, customers are able to enjoy the cheaper storage rate at rest of one cent per gigabyte to store infrequently accessed data, and to access the same faster on demand, which is critical in acquiring market intelligence and conducting analysis. A retailer in a bid to push a promotion might also want to pull out historical information. For the enterprises already using other storage and backup companies, migration pains have being eased through the partnership of several companies and Google, streamlining of customers’ moves to Nearline thus enlargement of market portfolio. The business/commerce ecosystem has been expanded, as user dependence on Google’s search engine will exploit home delivery services, advertising, app stores, digital media services and mobile payment platforms. Enterprise initiatives like â€Å"Chrome books for work† and â€Å"Android for Work† are being complemented as Nearline is helping Google to tap int o â€Å"hybrid† cloud while using APIs as hooks to tether businesses to its productivity apps (Jennings, 2009). Google Cloud Storage Nearline will influence positively on the way businesses interact with

Employment-At-Will Doctrine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Employment-At-Will Doctrine - Essay Example For instance, an employer is not allowed to take any negative employment action against any worker because of disability, gender, national origin, age, or any legal protected activity or characteristics. The protected activities include jury service, refusing to carry out an illegal action, reporting violation laws, filing the compensation claim of workers, and filing a discrimination complaint on the basis of sex, color, race, disability, or national origin. Since upset workers tend to sue a company on the above named grounds, it is advised that a company maintain the records of the performance of an employee (BALLAM, 2000). The records helps in giving evidence of disciplinary actions that are not linked to the protected activity. The status of an employee-at-will may be changed by an implied or written contract, local law, or a state. Assuming an employee and employer enters into a written agreement; any termination must be carried pursuant to the contract terms and conditions. A discharged employee who claims the partied have contractually agree to the rights of the employers to terminate has the liability to prove the written representation on that note (New York joins the states overturning the employment-at-will doctrine: Employee handbooks are the key, 1983). After the parties agree to the terms of service, the workers can never be discharged unless with a reason. Generally, the oral assurance that a worker will not be dismissed without a good reason does not amend the status of an employee at will. There are various limited exceptions to the doctrine of employment at will. Under this rule, the law does not apply if the relationship of employment is governed by an agreement with a given employment term. Under the exception of the public policy, a worker is wrongfully dismissed when the dismissal is not within the public policy of the nation. For instance, majority of states in America an employer is not allowed to terminate a worker for

Compressing the supply chain through E-commerce for the customer Dissertation

Compressing the supply chain through E-commerce for the customer benefit in the fashion industry - Dissertation Example h higher volumes of consumers across the world due to high adoption levels of Internet consumption has reduced dependency on decentralized procurement and distribution systems, allowing them to centralize these functions for efficiency, time, and also cost savings. In Sweden, as one example, 90 percent of consumers use the Internet (Entertainment NewsWeekly 2011). In Singapore, younger consumers are buying fashion products via the Internet at a growth rate of approximately 10 percent annually (Ramchandani 2011). In the United States, e-commerce sales are estimated, currently, at $227.6 billion (Steigrad 2011). It is these growth patterns in online fashion consumption that continue to provide new opportunities to compress traditional supply chains to include more efficiency and replenishment for fashion products that have very limited life cycles. Reducing the dependency on traditional collaborations, the newer, unrestricted geographic boundaries imposed by less efficient procurement and distribution systems and even changing consumer trends for purchasing and demand continue to drive new synergies for using e-commerce as a fashion supply model. Research aims and objectives This research project aims to identify how to achieve maximized customer benefit by using e-commerce as a tool to compress the supply chain. Cost-reduction, improved efficiency, streamlined supply chain processes and fashion replenishment will be examined to determine how to gain outputs that lead to customer benefits. The research objectives are as follows: 1. Determine the nature of consumer fashion market demand driving new e-commerce procurement and distribution models. 2. Identify the current e-commerce supply chain models currently finding success in key fashion markets. 3. Determine how... This research project will tackle the issues of e-commerce within the supply chain under the premise that there is no pre-existing template that provides greater benefit to the customer. Thus, the project will be wholly exploratory in design. The traditional agile supply chain methodology involves demand-driven systems. In such a chain, market data and information are exchanged from the business to all layers of the supply chain process in order to forecast and deliver replenishment to meet consumer demand. However, agile supply networks seem to only have this title for their ability to provide merchandise by moving sourcing closer to specific target consumer markets (Barnes and Lea-Greenwood). Even under agile systems, merchandise planning failures have caused price increases on consumer goods, high levels of excess inventories, and significantly lower margins that come from demand uncertainty and collaborative failures within this vast network of procurement and distribution. Why is this? In the sourcing process, considerable investment is included in testing procedures once the textile raw materials have been purchased. All quality assurance processes are different depending on the fashion merchandiser, however it usually includes quality checks of threads, buttons, zipper durability, and testing fabric swatches/samples against existing quality standards templates. The Hong Kong Clothing Company, as one example, boasts an agile supply chain network that includes rigorous quality checks prior to even distributing the raw materials/textiles to the production floor in-house.

The resurrected christ sandro botticelli Annotated Bibliography

The resurrected christ sandro botticelli - Annotated Bibliography Example I will relate the renaissance works to the stile in which it belongs. Secondly, I will outline how these works manifest all the concepts of renaissance. Furthermore, I will give my view on the works and show ways in which these works relate to our daily lives. This book brings to light the forms of works in the Detroit Institute of Arts. And explains their origins and what they represent. Additionally, it expounds on how the works are classified. It highlights all the renaissance works and explains them further. This book will enable me identify the renaissance works and enable me relate it to the styles. This book shows the types of renaissance works in the DIA. It shows how the Italian renaissance in the institute, how the works clearly expressed the aspects of science and social activities. Above and beyond, it recommends ways of relating these aspects without conflict of culture or other sensitive aspects of the society. Subsequently, it will provide me a platform to argue points out when explaining each and every aspect of the renaissance works highlighted. Thus, it underscores various ways in which the authors related their works to the society. This article outlines the techniques deployed by the artists who did the renaissance work. It outlines the aspects of perspective, shadow and light, realism and naturalism and their detailed aspects. It gives specific analysis of the renaissance works in the institute. Putting reference at the two painting of the Virgin Mary presented both from different styles renaissance and byzantine. The comparison shows the massive transformations art went through during the renaissance period. It further clarifies the apparent change in style in the renaissance. Other works like the last supper by Leonardo DaVinci are also brought about it the book and shows the clear distinction between the renaissance works and the other works provided done earlier The book sheds light on the effects

Violent Crime Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Violent Crime - Assignment Example Research from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) reveals that there have been more than 19 million violent crimes in the last two decades. These crimes constitute of forcible rape, murder and non-negligent manslaughter, robbery, or assault. For an individual to engage a violent crime, he or she may be forced by circumstances or has a record of criminal activities. Factors that may affect an individual’s action to commit a violent crime is dependent on cultural aspects i.e. religion and colonial heritage, age, gender, peers, and the poverty rate.  Violence and crime threaten social foundation and are becoming chief obstacles to development. A critical analysis of this topic reveals that the dependent variable is the crime rate, and the explanatory variables include economic and social characteristics. Although violent crime has been discussed with a keen focus on the offender, the victim must also be regarded. From various researchers, victims of violent crimes ar e left with emotional as well as physical scars, which lead to post-traumatic stress disorder, social withdrawal, relationship strains, and in severe cases death (Ruback & Thompson, 2001). Lack of a conclusive data of victims is a major challenge in the analysis of violent crime. This is because of most victims faced by the vile act of violent crime face shame and discrimination. For instance, rape victims will opt not to report a violent act committed on their bodies due to shame and fear of discrimination (Kullgren & Nordstrom, 2003).  Methods used to research this topic include data from primary and secondary sources. Primary sources include anonymous questionnaires filled in by the victims of violent crimes. Secondary sources include data from police stations and hospitals, as well as books and journals.

Nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 15

Nursing - Assignment Example Nursing research like any other research encompasses the content of quantitative and qualitative reports. This paper answers four questions about nursing research based on the Burns and Grove text Yes, findings from a single study may be used to change nursing practice. Findings in most instances generate conclusions which reflect the current situation in the nursing field. According to Polit and Beck (2008), nurses are expected to use the most current practice, and for nurses to determine what the current practice is, they must read research critically and if possible embrace the latest findings. According to Polit and Beck (2008) statistical significance refers to the fact that the observed mean differences may not have been caused by sampling error. Statistical significances often occur even where very small population differences are observed if the sample size is large. Practical significance on the other hand examines whether the difference between the observed mean is large enough to be practically of a value or have a real meaning. Nursing research findings should be communicated to health visitors, senior nurses, midwives, managers, educators, researchers, advanced nursing students, and the whole nursing fraternity. The mechanisms that can be used to communicate these findings to them include; the use of journals, reports, posters, online databases, memos, and through implementation of policies. Poster presentation in nursing is the art of conveying message about findings from nursing research findings (to Burns & Grove, 2009). This presentation is normally prepared after a nursing research abstract has been accepted. In conclusion, nursing research is essential to the nursing practice and the healthcare fraternity as a whole. This because it ensures that nurses offer the most current services and are able to

Business plan for SBA music in developing new services Assignment

Business plan for SBA music in developing new services - Assignment Example SBA Music is operating in an environment mainly influenced by two associations which represent the Record Companies in Australia – ARIA, which licenses the right to copy music, and PPCA which licenses the right to play recorded music in public (SAB). Their initiative to push tariffs up is likely to impact negatively on other musical suppliers and this is likely to affect the B2B music market within Australia. For SAB there are various factors that affect its operations such as social demographic as well as economic. Their products are tailored to appeal to a wide range of audiences and through improved technological advances the organisation can capitalise on both computer and mobile software. It is a force to reckon with especially with its highly organised programming team which is always on top when it comes to supporting local artists. The market for SBA Music is diverse and very wide according to information obtained from the website. The target market ranges from the you ng to the older generations and they produce and mix music to be played in various outlets including the retail shops, bars, restaurants, hotels and even hair saloons. These are also distribution channels and products should be tailored to appeal to different target groups on the basis of age.

Entrepreneurship Homework Format Essay Example for Free

Entrepreneurship Homework Format Essay List up three success factors for Malincho up to today, and explain the details. 1. The very first success factor for Malincho would be considered is the creative idea of importing feta cheese. Kalin understood clearly consumers’ psychology who live far away from their home country and were craving for â€Å"a taste of home†. He believed that this would be a high-profitable business if he operated it in the States. 2. The second factor contributing to this success is the power of willingness, determination and solidarity. The business would have been failed if Kalin gave up after several obstacles coming to him such as starting up as a deep debt, repacking the damaged cheese or maintaining pricing structure. However, he was still determined and patient until the very end. It was not only Kalin’s effort but also his friends’ support and well-cooperation that brought his entrepreneurship to a new stage. 3. Finally, it was very smart of Kalin to come up with simple way of promoting his products as well as nice service strategy for customers. In detail, Kalin made full use of word-of-mouth method to spread out his business and finally got free advertising by appearing on USA Today. Additionally, in order to ensure customers’ worries when purchasing online products, he used properly the very simple inventory printout and the flexible payment method with either check or credit card. In short, Kalin paid a lot of attention to consumers’ psychology to provide best products for them. Answer to the â€Å"Preparation Questions on page 48 in Chapter.1 1. ( â€Å"Timomon’s entrepreneurship framework† is described in Ch. 2 on page 57) From my point of view, under the Timmons entrepreneurship framework, his success is based on many factors.

Dynamics of Apartheid in South Africa

Dynamics of Apartheid in South Africa It is easy to forget that Apartheid only finished twenty six years ago in 1991 when the Abolition of Racially Based Land Measures Act was passed this subsequently led to the repealing of the laws enforcing racial segregation which included the Group Areas Act. Apartheid is the word given to racial segregation in South Africa; this was specifically a former policy of segregation and political and economic discrimination against non-European groups in the Republic of South Africa (Merriam-Webster, 2011). In this essay I will discuss both the political and economic discrimination that took place while also looking at the subtle but important undertones of religion that also affected Apartheid.ÂÂ   The essay will be split into three sections, with the first section discussing how the laws that were passed during the period of Apartheid were inextricably linked to an attempt to control the non-European in the society of the time in South Africa and to solidify the power of the politi cal in power at the time. The second part of this essay will look at how this control worked economically and if there was anything that the non-Europeans in South Africa could do in an attempt to bypass them. It will also consider whether the control it exercised truly did result in the continuation of power being in the hands of the whites or if it actually ended up accelerating the process that led to the era of Apartheid being overturned and Nelson Mandela being inaugurated into being the first voted in Black president of South Africa as part of the African National Congress. Finally the essay will consider the role that religion had in this era of Apartheid. Whether religion ended up helping the formation of segregation or whether it was unhelpful towards the movement. Religion is always portrayed as a beacon of uniting those from different races and ethnicities around the world. This essay will consider whether this was the case or whether Apartheid made religion lose sight of its purpose and morals and promoted the political philosophy of Apartheid. When considering the laws that came into being during the time of the National Party it is important to consider the history of legislation in South Africa. There were long-standing laws from the time of the British and Afrikaner administrations in South Africa. A good example of this would be the Glen Grey Act of 1894, (Smythe N C, 1995) this was the original legislation of land reclamation to the white population from the native population. The Glen Grey act also created a tax on labour that forced Xhosa men, an ethnic group that is mainly situated around the south and south eastern part of South Africa, into work on farms and other industry. It is important to consider the effect that these laws from colonial times had on the laws that came into effect during the time of Apartheid. With regards to Segregation, there were multiple laws that came into effect but none that had such a great impact as The Population Registration Act, 1950. This required that every person who was a citizen of South Africa be classified and registered into a racial class to divide the population up (Dugard, 2016). All inhabitants in South Africa at the time were divided into categories; these were Black, White and Coloured (mixed) later on in the period Indians were added to the category list, this was for those who originated from South Asia and India. This act was the foundation of everything that became Apartheid, it led to the forbidding for a white and a person of another race to marry and then a year later in 1950 it became a crime for any white person to have sexual intercourse with any person of another race (Robertson and Whitten, 1978). These laws were an attempt to divide the population and with which the administration that was leading the country would be able to demote w ho were not white into lesser positions in society and also to move them through land reclamation. This law was not repealed until June 17th 1991 by The South African Parliament. This was the first act of legislation with Apartheid being foreseen by the government and as mentioned earlier became the foundation of everything that apartheid became. This is a good example of a dynamic that occurred during the time of Apartheid in South Africa Another piece of legislation that came in was in 1953, this was The Reservation of Separate Amenities Act 1953, this was again an initiative with which to exercise more racial segregation in South Africa and solidify the idea of apartheid. This act legalised the segregation of public places vehicles and services. This left only roads that were excluded from this law and meant they became the only area where all races were together.ÂÂ   Within this law there were multiple sections that had minor details in which became incredibly important. One of these was Section 3a; this made it permissible to completely exclude someone from public places, vehicles or services based solely on their race. This preceded section 3b; this bylaw meant that the facilities for the two races did not have to be equal, or anywhere near the same quality. This meant that in reality the best facilities were reserved for whites and those that were outdated or inferior where given to the other races. This le d to total segregation between races and the creation of white-only jobs. This finally ended up with the cementing of the National Partys control over the economic and social systems in the country. This ended up leading to the National Partys plan for the Grand Apartheid a plan to emphasise the territorial separation and the continuation and enlargement of the police repression that had been occurring throughout the period of apartheid. This is an incredibly important part of Apartheid and the effects it had on the population in South Africa. Secondly, with regards to legislation in an attempt to exercise control in 1953 the Public Safety Act and the Criminal Law Amendment Act were passed, this led to the empowerment of the government to declare a state of emergency at which there would be increased penalties for those who were considered in contempt of the laws. These penalties included fines, imprisonment and even whippings; there are multiple stories of the government declaring a state of emergency in an attempt to crush any potential uprising that there may have been potential for. One good example of this would be in 1960, a large groups of people classified as black, from an area called Sharepeville refused to carry their identification papers which identified which race class they were part of and also where they were from. The government decided that this was grounds for the declaration of a state of emergency; this emergency lasted for one hundred and fifty six days and involved sixty nine people dying and one hu ndred and eighty seven people wounded. These people died because of the demonstrations against what was perceived to be unfair pass laws, it led to the South African Police opening fire against the demonstrators and killing all these people. This is another example of how the imposing of Apartheid by the government of the day let to terrible and unjust treatment of certain races in South Africa at the time; it also went a long way to suggesting that the white regime had no intention of changing the unjust laws of Apartheid. This again discusses a key dynamic of Apartheid in South Africa During Apartheid one of the ways that control was upheld by the government was through an extremely brutal and well ordered police force that was at the disposal at the government to quieten and extinguish and those who had become disenfranchised with the Apartheid regime. This was a non-white majority in the country that was growing increasingly restless with the regime and this ended up leading to the Sharepville massacre as mentioned above. When there was a State of Emergency ordered in the country the police would then be assisted by the military. The government of the time ordered multiple strategies to stifle any anti-apartheid activists and critics of the white minority government. Some of these tactics included counter-insurgency and intimidation. Over the period from 1960 to 1990 sixty seven people died in police custody or detention either from hanging or torture or what was put down to natural causes although there is strong evidence to suggest that this was in fact not th e actual cause of death in many cases. (Goldberg, n.d.) This is another dynamic of Apartheid and the impacts it had on South Africa Another way in which legislation led to forcible control by the minority white led government was through forcible relocation. This was a policy where over 86% of the country was granted to the white South African population. This meant that the other colour populations were forced to relocate from where they lived or even originally came from. Normally this would be relocation outside the city limits or if they were Black Africans they would be relocated to one of the ten Bantustans, these were communities that were set up specifically for to home major African ethnic groups. These were state-created communities usually put in the least desirable places where there was little to no natural resources industry or any kind of workable farmland. They also regularly had little to no public transport and were given little to no chance to build high quality communities. The government also passed laws saying that these were the only areas where Black political rights were recognised and ac cepted. Outside of these specific areas the Black Africans were unable to vote or even own land. This was regardless of whether their families had been there for or whether there were historical ancestors who had inhabited the area as well. This policy resulted in major relocation and devastating results for this demographic. From 1950 to 1986, there were more than 1.5 million Africans of colour that were forcibly removed from their homes and relocated from the urban centres or major mineral areas and also the most fertile land. These areas were given to the minority whites and the Black population was moved either to Bantustans or to newly formed townships that were springing up all over the country as people were looking for better environments for their families and relations. This is another example of a key dynamic of apartheid and how it had a dramatic effect. Finally, when looking at the dynamic of religion with regards to the time of Apartheid in South Africa there is a lot to consider. When looking at religion with a focus on Christianity it is important to consider that the church attempts to create an image of an all-inclusive and non-judgemental institution. However, the best example of the church and Apartheid would be to look at the Dutch Reformed Church. This is also a good example as during Apartheid Christianity was by far the most popular religion with over 85% of the total population. Apartheid became an incredibly difficult period for the church as it had to deal with segregation and whether there was a need to align itself with the rest of South Africa during the time and have split churches for congregations who were coloured and congregations for those who were white. This created huge tensions and then when the Dutch Reformed Church decided to actively promote racial divisions through endorsing Apartheid it was extremely controversial. The Dutch Reformed church became known as the official religion of the National Party during the Apartheid era. This was put down to Chruch leaders over the 1970s and 1980s, the assumption by church leaders that the congregation were in favour of Apartheid led to them being incredibly committed to Apartheid and even more so than much of their congregations. In the long run this commitment to the cause of Apartheid became increasingly damaging and led to the church becoming an impediment to political reform. This, however, is not to say that all clergy and leaders were for Apartheid, there were some very famous members of the church who openly spoke out against Apartheid. One of these was Reverend Beyers Naude who famously left his white only church and went to be part of a parish that was for all blacks, this created a huge stir within the church and was a huge show of support to the anti-Apartheid movement. This, however, was not the case throughout the church there are many examples of church leaders being anti-Apartheid. One good example of this is senior officials within the Roman Catholic Church in South Africa opposing apartheid. This was not without opposition though and it led to the creation of the South African Catholic Defence League that ended up condemning any type of political involvement by the church and it also ended up opposing many other of the demands from the Catholic Church. This shows that religion was again a key factor in the period of Apartheid and that it contributed both in a negative and positive way. The above then suggests that there were a multitude of dynamics that were in fact integral to the period of Apartheid in South Africa. The above shows that with these the white minority within South Africa at the time was able to exercise control through legislature that ended up confining those in society who were of different races to unfair treatment. This period of Apartheid has led to unimaginable suffering for those who were suppressed during the period of Apartheid and even when the period of Apartheid came to an end the damage done by this period was so severe that South Africa remains racially divided. Even though Apartheid ended over 20 years ago now the recovery from this systematic and brutal racial discrimination has been difficult and continues today. Apartheid means apartness in Afrikaans and this separation led to such irreparable damage that it has warranted the South African Government to create the National Development Plan (NDP) that has had to be aimed at elimina ting poverty and reducing inequality by 2030. One of the main aims of this is to reduce inequality between races in the country. This is because the entrenched racism that was created by Apartheid was not easy to eliminate immediately. I think that the above factors discussed, show why this was so difficult to eliminate. For one demographic to sit on the top if the pile while all others were treated so badly would always result in bitterness and a feeling of the need for revenge. So above shows what the key dynamics of Apartheid were and also the terrible results that that has continued to have on South Africa today. References Apartheid Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, 2011. Web. 16th May 2017.

Effective Communication Principles: Barriers and Mechanisms

Effective Communication Principles: Barriers and Mechanisms General Skills Cultural Differences It is adamantly essential for us to watch out the way we communicate to each other as in the case of age, race, physical capability and reaction. We are required to focus on watching our formal language for example if in a foreign country. Certain words could stand for different meanings regardless of the way we pronounce them are being pronounced. Different physical body architectures or rather formal clothing could mean severe insults to certain cultures. Consuming different foods could mean a great insult to some cultures as well. Barrier to This A barrier to this specific communication is silence within the working environment, lack of physical integration and job unity, lack of staff embrace and secluded frequent foreign language usage in the working environment. Overcoming this Barrier In order to avoid such things, cultural differences must be respected as a hideous part of an individual matters a lot especially if he or she is from a foreign country. Foreign language in the working environment must be kept at a minimum or not be used at all until working hours. Question answer The most important part of the communicative network is the audience. It is vital for them to be involved in the presentations. A nosey part of the audience not being given a chance to express their cloud would feel neglected and fully ignored. Interactive quizzes can be improvised to enable it grab attention of an audience. Question: Is the audience fully informed about the presentation? Answer: The quiz is the only source of grabbing their attention and answering the unravelled question marks. This is an important part of effective communication because the audience gets to be fully updated of the resourceful information via general involvement. Barrier to This A barrier to this type of communication is inert forms of meetings that do not involve much audience interaction. Overcoming this Barrier An autonomous or rather random forms of involving the audience in test and trial questions will always ensure that concentration has been captured from the start of the conference. The audience will also feel highly favoured for being given a chance to ask and respond to questions. Techniques for Engaging Audience The common ways of involving the audience besides questions and answers are seminars, note-taking, weekly reports, newsletters and introductive entertainment. These would strengthen the outcome of the audience plus motivate the individuals to chain magnetize others in joining too. Effective personalized introductive entertainment is a technique for engaging the audience. Barrier to This A barrier would be lack of audio devices that support interactive techniques, lack of proper location and appropriate accommodation to cater for a vast amount of audience. Overcoming this Barrier The answer would be to try as much as possible to ensure that an organization force-feeds its financial department into providing the right location, proper accommodation and audience engagement mechanisms. Interpersonal skills Techniques and Cues The urgent need for accomplishment in tasks that involve different targets require diverse submissive techniques. This also applies to sensitive counter-interactive tasks that exemplify human input in order for the same accomplishment. The cues applied by human input on computers for communication are American symbol writing or smileys that mimic Short Messaging (SMS) language on mobile phones. SMS on paper has become a common infection or rather writing habit by so many people. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is extreme use of electronic devices on the market that support non-improvised writing. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome this type of writing would be trying to avoid robotised short typing, have enough time for writing easily readable and mature writing. Positive and Negative Language Instant Nos and YES’s paraphrased in meagre, instant communicative technology has become an infrastructure of the interpersonal skills. Some entrepreneurs love applying these sort of technology in seminars especially when they communicative across tables whilst in a seminar or conference. These can also be utilised by individuals with language communication difficulties or basically hearing problems. The languages come in forms of head nods signifying YES or NO, hand-waves signifying YES or NO, finger-rolling signifying DENIAL,ATTENTION or TENSION, direct face avoidance signifying FRUSTRATION or SHAME, cloak over face signifying SENSITIVITY, FEAR or LACK. And many others that are being performed. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is extreme use of gestures, inevitable circumstances such as disabilities. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome this would be to try as much as possible to learn the second partys moral spectrums and forms of communication. ‘Smileys’ or Emoticons Sensitive forms of communication can be exchanged between individuals at some point but via explicit symbolism language known as emoticons. This is a strictly prohibited form of communication that might follow a wrong path and smudge official documentation. Barrier to this Use of personal cell phones at workplaces especially official environment where these devices are totally prohibited. Overcoming this barrier Sentimental steps must be taken by the HOD’s to ensure that the employees leave the devices out of the office environment. Written Communication Skills Spelling and Grammar It is important for one to be skilful in his or her own writing especially in spelling and grammar. Your instructive form of writing should be smart enough to portray an employee that communicates well inside and outside the place of work. One is expected to be handling documents that will require professional writing that will require further grammatical emphasis besides the edification mode. One is expected to demonstrate extreme ability to use proper grammar in speaking and writing. One will be expected to communicate with clients via official paperwork and this will greatly demand a high qualification of spelling and grammar level. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is lack of intensified professional official language training. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome is have extensive training in a particular official language that is required in the working environment. Structure Ones composition should be professionally designed such a way that it is architecture in paragraphs, footers, headers, contains necessary references and accompanying hyperlinks if available. It is vital for the writer to act as the reader himself and make his writing as presentable and easily understandable as possible. A great writing is one that is attractive to the eyes of the reader and does not â€Å"dim† him out. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is mismanagement of writing infrastructure without the use of proper interdivisional architecture. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome this would be to utilise readily available formatting tools within typing programmes. Reviewing and Editing It is important for every person to review his or her work before finalizing it so as to clarify unforeseen mistakes encountered along the way whilst typing. This is deeply important in a working environment especially in the Web Designing working environment because what is being typed without further clarification might end up in the eyes of the public in error. Barrier to This Barrier to this one is human ignorance on readily available devices that provide proper reviewing. Overcoming this Barrier A way to overcome this would be assigning specially assigned task reviewers in a job environment whose work is to ensure that nothing goes unattended like reviewing and editing. Mechanisms That Can Reduce Communication Barriers Grammar, Language Spelling use Ensure that correct official language construction is maintained in your writing in order to create a diverse understanding. Avoid pigeon or rather chat session like communicative language that comes in only shortened words. Poor grammar and spelling in writing discredits the writer plus it paints a bad moral aspect. Note-taking Plays a very vital role in ensuring that individuals thirsty for further research on a particular discussed matter after noting them down. Information is noted down for future references in case of emergencies. Lack of Abusive Language Abuse is one of the greatest destroyer after fire damage in communication. Politeness and quite approach towards fellow peers is a highly valued attribute. Constant Device Misuse In this familiar unit, regular use of personal devices in working areas or rather environments is a great havoc. This causes a great barrier and in order to eliminate, one must apply totally switch off this device. If this does not work at all, then the involved disturbed parties must move to a secluded, quite area away from noise and disturbance. Noise and Disturbance For a peaceful working environment, away from excessive noise and disturbance that is hard to avoid. The management is determined to ensure that noise reduction amplifiers are utilised. And that all personal devices are kept on silent mode. References: SMILEY Accessed 21 December 2014 ENGAGE AUDIENCE Accessed 21 December 2014 TECHNIQUES AND CUES Accessed 21 December 2014 STRUCTURE Accessed 21 December 2014 REVIEWING Accessed 21 December 2014 John Lenny WamagataID: 14081308 Literary Forms: Differences and Similarities Literary Forms: Differences and Similarities In order to properly compare and contrast the major differences between literary forms, we must first look at their similarities. The drama, poetry, and short story are all creative works of art. They all use tone, symbolism, imaginative language, satire, and, irony to captivate their audiences attention and bring their individual creative work to life. In addition, drama and the short story all have a protagonist, antagonists, minor character, stock character, the foil, foreshadowing, and dramatic irony in one way or another within their stories. Still, we can clearly see that each literary form approaches their audience in different ways. The major element of drama that distinguishes it from the short story and poetry is its ability to draw you into imaginary experiences by its intensity and visual performance. This is evident in the dramatic play Riders to the Sea (Synge). This is a play that is considered a tragedy. It depicts a woman who has lost all the male members in her household. It shows her struggle with the sea and her last living son Bartley. We are exposed to the dramatic irony of the play. In line 225-229, we finally find out that she saw her son Bentley riding the red mare and her dead son Michael riding on the grey pony wearing new clothes and shoes. This symbolizes that Bentley is soon to die from the sea as well. The ironic part is that she had no knowledge of the bundle of Michaels clothing that the girls had kept from here. Therefore, she was not aware that the priest found a drowned man in Donegal that turned out to be her son Michael. This could also be considered a short story if it did not use the play writers narratives and used descriptive language instead. Moreover, in a short story we are forced to use our imagination to decipher the symbolic meanings of the writer. Thus, we are not able to visually experience the characters and atmosphere. We must read or listen to this type of literary form and use the writers imaginative language to fully experience the intended outcome of the author. For example, Kate Chopin used symbols in her short story called The Story of an Hour. She used symbolism throughout the entire story to describe Mrs. Mallards true feelings towards her husband. In paragraph four, Kate has her slumping and sighing into a chair, using symbolism it appeared as though she was actually distraught over her husbands death. However, in reality she is so happy that her farce of a marriage is over and done with. Then we see in paragraph six that the world becomes brighter, new and fresh. However, the writer Kate Chopin was symbolically painting a picture of her being freed from the constraints of a loveless marriage. This short story could be considered a tragedy because of the protagonists feelings towards her husband and her dramatic and untimely demise. However, when we read a poem we look more to the authors expressionism, creativity, rhythm, and tone. A poem is emotional and musical. The rhyming of each stanza in a poem assists me in the reading and comprehension of the authors meaning in his or her literary work. For example, William Wordsworth poem She dwelt among the untrodden ways used romanticism, tone, symbolism, and rhythm to covey his feelings of his love for Lucy. By rhyming a poem it allows the reader to imagine it as a romantic musical lullaby. Moreover, when it is performed, you can mentally picture the musical rhythm in your head. Also; the performance assists the listener to visualize the symbols as the reader speaks them. We can feel how much he treasured Lucy by what he wrote in line five. He believes she is a rare treasure that is hidden by a mossy stone or if you will, a beautiful violet that is not easily seen. This sort of poetic symbolism brings the authors creative work to life and creates an ambiance of visu alization to the literary work. In order to properly compare and contrast the major differences between literary forms, we must first look at their similarities. The drama, poetry, and short story are all creative works of art. They all use tone, symbolism, imaginative language, satire, and, irony to captivate their audiences attention and bring their individual creative work to life. The major element of drama that distinguishes it from the short story and poetry is its ability to draw you into imaginary experiences by its intensity and visual performance. Moreover, in a short story we are forced to use our imagination to decipher the symbolic meanings of the writer. Thus, we are not able to visually experience the characters and atmosphere. However, when we read a poem we look more to the authors expressionism, creativity, rhythm, and tone. Thus, we can conclude that each writer approaches their intended audience in different ways by the form of literature that they choose to adopt for their literary works.

Eric Fischl: A Journey Through His Life. Essay -- Art

The beauty of art really is in the eye of the beholder. Art is a diverse as the people who create it. Some of the most famous art comes from some of the least expected places and people but, their journey is what seems to make it incredible. From the suburbs of Long Island, New York to Haight-Ashbury, San Francisco during the Hippie movement in the 1960’s brought about one of the most influential, internationally acclaimed artists, Eric Fischl. This paper will go through his dysfunctional upbringing, his art education and teaching, his many accomplishments and how he became one of the most famous figurative artists of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Eric Fischl was born in 1948 in New York City. His own biography states â€Å"Fischl’s suburban upbringing provided him with a backdrop of alcoholism and a country club culture obsessed with image over content.†(Eric Fischl: Biography) In an interview with Fischl, when asked about his upbringing and he states â€Å"I grew up in an upper, middle class, American family in the suburbs of long island. My father was a salesman and went to the city every day. My mother was a housewife who had a severe drinking problem and so the family was in a dysfunctional state when I was growing up.†(Davis) Although he dropped out of high school and lived the hippie lifestyle for a while he eventually moved to Arizona and attended college in Phoenix. (Davis) In 1972, Fischl went back to California to attend the California Institute for the Arts from which he earned a bachelor’s degree in fine arts. Two years later he ended up in Halifax, Nova Scotia teaching painting at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design. After just a year, in 1975, he had his first show at Dalhousie Art Gallery. Three years la... ...Print. Fischl, Eric. Bad Boy. 1981. Eric Fischl: Early Paintings. Eric Fischl Studios, 2010. Web. 23 Mar. 2012. . Fischl, Eric. Krefeld Project: Bathroom Scene 2. 2003. Eric Fischl: Krefeld Project. Eric Fischl Studios, 2010. Web. 23 May 2012. . Fischl, Eric. The Bed, the Chair, Jetlag. 2000. Eric Fischl: The Bed, the Chair... Eric Fischl Studios, 2010. Web. 23 May 2012. . HUGHES, ROBERT. "Art: Discontents of the White Tribe." Editorial. TIME 30 May 1988. Time Magazine. Time, 30 May 1988. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. . Louise Blouin Media. "In the Studio: Eric Fischl." Art+Auction 11 Jan.

Pet Sitting Service Essay -- essays research papers

Marketing Summary Plan WAGS TO WHISKERS PET SITTING SERVICE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A service such as Wags to Whiskers Pet Sitting Service is very important to people who own animals. Pets are not merely animals to many people, but considered children. Knowing that a pet is being cared for in their own environment is a much sought after relief for many people. Wags to Whiskers offer a variety of services for an owner when it comes to caring for the pet while a person is away from the home. Items such as feed and watering, walking or exercise, and grooming are just a few of the services available. Cost for services will range from $5 to $35 depending upon the service and time frame needed to complete the service. The services can be used on a daily basis or for an extended amount of time when a person is out of town. Concentration on professionals and senior citizens will be the target audience to begin the Wags to Whiskers Pet Sitting Service. The area of concentration will include the three counties of Northern Kentucky, Boone, Kenton, and Campbell. Because owners feel guilty for leaving their pets alone for long periods, pet sitting services is one of the fastest growing businesses. If Wags to Whiskers has the perseverance, the opportunities are there for the making in the pet sitting business. This can be accomplished through multiple avenues of advertising, such as newspapers, vet offices, etc. Goals for Wags to Whiskers will consist of making $25,000 in the first year of business and growing in additional clientele, staff, and revenue over the next three years. PRODUCT DEFINITION Wags to Whiskers Pet Sitting Services offer clients who are busy working long hours away from home a much-needed peace of mind. It is important to the client to know the animal is well taken care of during their absence. Regardless of the type of pet Wags to Whiskers Pet Sitting Service offer feeding, watering, exercise and/or play, administer of medication, transportation to the vet, massages, and will make air travel arrangements for pets. According to Mary Jean Ballner who spoke at the NAPPS annual conference in January, 2005, â€Å"Benefits (from massages) are the same as for humans (increases blood flow, releases endorphins, soothes) Benefits pet sitters by (accelerates bonding with all animals, aids with ‘difficult’ pets, relaxes scared animals).† Other services offered... ... NAPPS to care for exotic animals 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quarterly newsletter to clients and others to keep customers informed about services and products CONTROLS Monitoring Wags to Whiskers marketing plan will be an ongoing task. Advertisement will be important to track to determine who is providing the most new customers to Wags to Whiskers. Advertisements placed in the local newspapers should be checked quarterly to see if they are paying for themselves. If not, it will be necessary to find other avenues of advertising, such as pet magazines and the websites for the top three pet sitting organizations in the United States. If most of the new business is coming to Wags to Whiskers by word-of-mouth from current clients, it will be important to find a way to show appreciation, such as a free service for every new client received. Service fees could be a concern if business in the first six months is not on target to meet the first year revenue of $25,000. Improvement in this area may require looking at costs incurred compared to revenue coming in. Changes such as driving routes, time spent in traffic and time spent with pet must be reviewed for better efficiency.

Legion: An Exegetical Analysis :: essays research papers

Legion: An Exegetical Analysis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this analysis I will be drawing from five passages found in Mark 5: 9-13, which is the story of the demonic possession by the demon which is called Legion. I will be drawing on the context of the whole passage which is Mark 5: 1-20, but my main focus and purpose of this analysis is to shed light on verses 9-13. I have referenced three different versions of these passages in different Bibles, the KJV, NIV and the NRSV, but I have found no significant difference, so the context in which I will use these references bares no large concern to the analysis, other than to show a harmony of the translations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While this occurrence is accounted in the other synoptic Gospels, Mark gives us the longest and most detailed account of this occurrence. This is also the longest and most detailed occurrence in the gospel of Mark. This occurrence happens in the country of the Gerasene’s, which is stated in verse one of Mark 5, which it is uncertain exactly where this location is, but the herd of swine found in verse eleven of Mark 5 indicates that this is a territory of the Gentiles. Nothing about this land is kosher; everything was unclean; spirits, tombs, swine and the territory, but Jesus still had power just as much as in the land of the Jews. Which will prove to be of significance in my analysis when I start to touch on verses 9-13. The accounts found in Matthew and Luke is more vague than the account in Mark, which is rich with detail. This could mean that Mark may have had access to an eyewitness account of the event.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In verse 5 Jesus asks for the name of the unclean spirit that has possessed the man in which he replies, â€Å"My name is Legion; for we are many.† This is characteristic of the ancient belief that knowledge of a name gave you power over your adversaries. This was also evident in verse 7 where the demon already knows who Jesus was and says his name to try and have a somewhat of an upper hand. The fact that he replied with the name Legion which is actually a number rather than a name shows that the demons were trying to get out of a situation in which they felt powerless.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This shows significance in two ways, in that Jesus had power over the demons even though he knew not their names and in the fact that this is not only one demon of Satan’s work, but a whole army.

The Effect of Computer Technology on the Academic

The Constructivist Approach Constructivist This approach represents a combination of both genetic pre-programming and environmental adaptation or experience where the child actively constructs a version of reality from his/her unique experiences. The process of constructing knowledge is an active one (going out and interacting with the environment and constructing it yourself). Learning is a function of the natural and continual variability in the world and variable action upon it. Constructivist would argue that in a school class not all children learn the same thing.The important thing for educators is to ascertain what each child knows and then plan learning programmed for each child or follow the hill's lead. Conflict Fourth (1995) recognizes the importance of learners actively constructing their knowledge as suggested by the theoretical viewpoint of constructivism. Looking at children's conflict (which has its roots in Paginating thinking (Littleton 1995)) and disagreements (whe re children consider the other's point of view), Fourth (1995) concluded that children's disagreements: can be viewed as a legitimate source of collaboration; can be both constructive and productive in the learning process. Appear to hold an important role in active learning.Thus, by seeing an alternative way of tackling a problem, each individual makes cognitive gains which can subsequently influence problem solving. All three constructivist theorists, Pigged Weights and Burner, agree that the child is both determined and a determiner of knowledge and understanding. However, they place different emphasis on the direction of the relationship. [contents I CLC home page I references ] The Effect of Computer Technology on the Academic Performance of Based Students By Conrad

Tropical Hut

WORKING CAPITAL Working capital is a measure of liquidity of a business. It equals current assets minus current liabilities. It is a measure of both a company's efficiency and its short-term financial health. The Company’s working capital during 2011 and 2010 are -P61,608,166. 00 and -P48,921,660. 00 indicating that the Company’s current liabilities are more than its current assets. It tells that the company is expected to suffer from liquidity crunch in near future and that the business may not be able to pay off its current liabilities when due. Status: Weakness of the Company) LIQUIDITY RATIOS| | | | | | Notes| Status| 2011| 2010| Current Ratio| 1| Weakness| 0. 83:1| 0. 85:1| Quick Ratio| 1| Weakness| 0. 37:1| 0. 39:1| Liquidity ratios measure a firm’s ability to meet maturing short-term obligations. Current ratio measures the extent to which a firm can meet its short-term obligations. During 2010, the Company’s current ratio is 0. 85:1 which indicates that the Company’s current assets were not enough to pay its short-term obligations. During 2011, the Company’s current ratio decreases to 0. 3:1 which indicates that its ability to pay its short-term obligations became worse (see Note 1 for computation). Quick ratio measures the extent to which a firm can meet its short-term obligations without relying upon the sales of its inventories. During 2010, the Company’s quick (or acid-test) ratio is 0. 39:1 which shows that its current assets less its inventory is not enough to meet its short-term obligations. During 2011, the Company’s quick ratio decreases to 0. 37:1 which shows that its ability to meet its short-term obligations became worse (see Note 1 for computation).Therefore, Tropical Hut Food Market, Inc as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 is not liquid. LEVERAGE RATIOS| | | | | Notes| Status| Ave of 2011;2010| Debt-to-Total-Assets Ratio| 2| Strength| 0. 56| Debt-to-Equity Ratio| 2| Weakness| 1. 29| Long- Term Debt-to-Equity Ratio| 2| Strength| 0. 0007| Times-Interest-Earned Ratio| 2| Weakness| -19. 36| Leverage ratios measure the extent to which a firm has been financed by debt. Debt-to-Total-Assets Ratio is the percentage of total funds that are provided by creditors. The average Debt-to-Total-Assets Ratio during 2011 and 2010 is 56% (or 0. 6:1) which indicates that the Company is capable to meet outside obligations in full out of its own assets (see Note 2 for computation). Debt-to-Equity Ratio is the percentage of total funds provided by the creditors versus by owners. The average Debt-to-Equity Ratio during 2011 and 2010 is 129% (1. 29:1). This means that for every peso of the company owned by the shareholders, the company owed 1. 29 to creditors. This high debt-to-equity ratio indicates that the Company was not able to generate enough cash  to satisfy its  debt  obligations (see Note 2 for computation).Long-Term Debt-to-Equity Ratio is the balance between debt and equity in a firm’s long-term capital structure. It expresses the degree of protection provided by the owners for the long-term creditors. The average Long-Term Debt-to-Equity Ratio during 2011 and 2010 is . 07% (or 0. 0007:1) which indicates that the Company’s degree of leverage is low (see Note 2 for computation). Times-Interest-Earned Ratio is the extent to which earnings can decline without the firm becoming unable to meet its annual interest costs. The Company’s Times-Interest-Earned Ratio is -19. 6 due to consecutive years of net loss which indicates that the Company was not able to meet its annual interest costs. ACTIVITY RATIOS| | | | | Notes| Status| 2011| 2010| Inventory Turnover| 3| Weakness| 8. 08 | 9. 38| Fixed Assets Turnover| 3| Strength| 10. 88| 10. 19| Total Asset Turnover| 3| Weakness| 3. 06| 3. 32| Accounts Receivable Turnover| 3| Strength| 77. 43| 64. 01| Average Collection Period| 3| Strength| 4. 71| 5. 70| Activity ratios measure how effectively a firm is using its resources. Inventory turnover ratio is used to measure the inventory management efficiency of a business.The Inventory ratio for the year 2011 and 2010 are 8. 08 and 9. 38, respectively. The decreased in the Inventory Turnover ratio indicates that the company is inefficient on controlling their inventory levels (see Note 3 for computation). The fixed-asset turnover ratio measures a company's ability to generate net sales from fixed-asset investments. The Ratios are 10. 88 and 10. 19 for the year 2011 and 2010. The increase in the turnover ratio indicates that the company can generate more sales with its fewer assets which tell that the company is good because it is using its assets efficiently (see Note 3 for computation).The total asset turnover ratio measures the ability of a company to use its assets to efficiently generate sales. The ratios are 3. 06 and 3. 32 for the year 2011 and 2010. The decrease in the turnover ratio indicates that the company is not growi ng in its capacity (see Note 3 for computation). Accounts receivable turnover measures the efficiency of a business in collecting its credit sales. The Accounts Receivable Turnover for the year 2011 and 2010 are 77. 43 and 64. 01, respectively.Increase in the accounts receivable turnover indicates improvement in the process of cash collection on credit sales of the company (see Note 3 for computation). Average collection period measures the average number of days that accounts receivable are outstanding. The Average collection period for 2011 and 2010 are 4. 71 and 5. 70, respectively. The decreasing number of collection days indicates that the accounts receivable of the company is liquid and is being converted to cash quickly compared to the previous year. PROFITABILITY RATIOS| | | | Notes| Status| 2011| 2010| Gross Profit Margin (GPM)| 4| Strength| 30. 4%| 28. 44%| Operating Profit Margin (OPM)| 4| Weakness| -2. 90%| -2. 21%| Net Profit Margin (NPM)| 4| Weakness| -2. 48%| -1. 75%| Return on Total Assets (ROA)| 4| Weakness| -7. 59%| -5. 80%| Return on Shareholders' Equity (ROE)| 4| Weakness| -18. 56%| -12. 52%| Earnings Per Share 4 Weakness -19. 68% -15. 28% Profitability Ratio measure management’s overall effectiveness as shown by the returns generated on sales and investment. Gross Profit Margin is the total margin available to cover operating expenses and yield a profit.During 2011 and 2010 the GPM’s are 30. 24% and 28. 44% respectively which indicates that the company has a reasonable profit margin but it cannot cover up all of its expenses resulting to a net loss (see Note 4 for computation). Operating profit margin is the profitability without concern for taxes and interest. The 2011 and 2010 OPM’s are -2. 90% and -2. 21% respectively. Thus, indicating that the company has poor cost control and/or that sales are insufficient to cover up COS and expenses (see Note 4 for computation). Net profit margin is the profitability after tax a nd interest.The 2011 and 2010 NPM’s are -2. 48% and -1. 75% respectively. This shows that the sales of the company is decreasing with a poor management of expenses (see Note 4 for computation). Return on total assets an indicator of how profitable a company is relative to its total assets. The 2011 and 2010 ROA’s are  -7. 59% and -5. 80% respectively. Thus management is inefficient in using its assets to generate earnings (see Note 4 for computation). Return on Shareholder’s Equity measures a corporation's profitability by revealing how much profit a company generates with the money shareholders have invested.During 2011 and 2010 the ROE’s are -18. 56% and -12. 52% respectively. Thus, indicating that the company is not generating profit by the investment of the shareholders but instead incurring a loss. Earnings Per Share is the earnings per each outstanding share. The 2011 and 2010 EPS are -19. 68% and -15. 28% respectively. Since EPS in considered as one of the factors that an investor considers, it implies that issuance of shares will not generate more money thus, less attractive (see Note 4 for computation). GROWTH RATIOS | Notes| Status| Ratio| |Growth Ratio on Sales| 5| Weakness| -13. 13%| Growth Ratio on Net Income| 5| Weakness| * -20. 06%| Growth Ratio on EPS| 5| Strength| 22. 26%| Growth Ratio on Dividends Per Share| 5| Weakness| -3. 502%| Growth ratio indicates the amount by which a variable increases over a given period of time as a percentage of its previous value. The growth ratios for Sales, Net income, Earnings Per Share, Dividends per Share are -13. 13%, -20. 06%, 22. 26% and -3. 502% respectively. Growth Rates are one of the factors that investors consider in order to extend their resources to generate future cash flows.It indicates that the company’s sales, earnings have not grown that would make its firm value less attractive. Also, it evaluates that the company was not performing good enough in order to generate sales, earnings and returns, hence, occurring losses as resulted. Based on the computation of Growth Ratio on EPS, though it has been reported through financial statements that the sales and income have weaken, still it indicates that the earnings through issuance of shares increases over time. (see Note 5 for computation).

United Nations Reform for Indirect Exporting

An Indirect Exporter is when a firm†s product is sold in foreign markets with no special activity for this purpose occurs within the firm. Others carry a firm†s product overseas. Although exporting this way can open up new markets quickly a firm will have limited control over distribution of its product. A firm likes to have a buyer; thus products are sold in a domestic market then resold overseas in different ways. -Foreign wholesale and retail organisations that have purchasing agents in a firm†s home country may find the firm†s product good for their market. -Manufacturers and firms have U.S. offices obtain equipment and supplies to their foreign operations. Companies have an advantage by selling to the U.S. firms because they are using export routes already supplying their domestic operations via the U.S. -With multinational operations buy equipment and supplies for them through their regular domestic purchasing. Equipment is shipped and installed in foreign plant. Foreign producers take note of the equipment. Then orders for the equipment will follow. Thus, an active exporting involvement by the supplying firm. This has befitted the supplying firm with a free introduction to the foreign market. International trading companies are very important for some markets. Some of these companies handle the majority of the imports into the country. The size and market coverage of these trading companies makes them excellent distributors, especially with their credit reliability. They cover their markets and provide service for the products they sell. Using these trading companies has negative factors. These companies have a tendency to carry competing products and the latest product may not receive the attention its producers desired. The sales from these kinds of indirect exporting are as good as domestic sales and, show that they are less stable. Since being so far from the main market a firm has little control. Even though new sales is helpful the disadvantage of not having more control of foreign sales a company may look for a more suitable arrangements in the long-run. Some companies work with an export management to have increased control over its product. There are some advantages of using an export management company: -The manufacture receives instant foreign market knowledge and contacts via the operations and the experience of the EMC. -The manufacture saves the cost of developing the in-house expertise in exporting. An EMC cost is spread over the sales of several manufacturers. -EMC offer clients consolidated shipments for savings. -Lines of complementary products can better foreign representation than the products of just one manufacturing. Also, EMC†s accept foreign credit responsibility. There are also some disadvantages to using an EMC: -Some EMC†s handled too many lines to give the proper attention to a new exporter. -Many tend to be market specialist rather than product specialist, thus product expertise is weak. -Some EMC†s coverage is only regional rather than global. A ETC acts as the export arm of a number of manufactures. ETC†s allow U.S. companies or banks to form a trading company with the size, resources, sophistication, and international network comparable to the Japanese companies. Unfortunately U.S ETC†s have not really worked out. Most of them are small or they have failed. One manufacture uses it overseas distribution to sell other companies† product with their own. One party is called the carrier; the carrier is the firm that does the exporting. With the export of the new non-competitive product may help ease the cost of exporting. Piggybacking can be attractive because a company can fill up its exporting capacity or fill out their product line. Also, piggybacking can help in a lost cost way for the carrier to export and save on investment in R&D, production facilities, and market testing for a new product. There are also some negatives, quality control and warranty. The rider may not maintain the quality of the products sold by the other company. Concerns of supply, a carrier can develop a large market abroad, the rider firm may favor its own marketing needs it tight demand conditions. The party called the rider has a great advantage. By using another company a company can get its product to foreign markets. This offers the riders and established export and distribution facilities and shared expenses, and benefits close to an EMC and a ETC. The difference between direct exporting and indirect exporting is that the task of market contact, market research, physical distribution, export documentation, pricing, is bestowed on the company. Another producer under contract produces a firm†s product in a foreign market with the firm. This is feasible when a firm can locate a foreign producers with the ability to manufacture the product in satisfactory quality and quality. The advantages are the company can reduce the risk of failure in a foreign market by simply terminating the contract. Other saving include transportation. The drawback is to this is that the manufacturing profit goes to the local firm rather than to the international firm. Also, finding a suitable manufacturer may be difficult.

Media and propaganda

The strike at California State University, associated with allegedly low salaries of the staff has been covered by a number of mass communication media. The present paper is intended to compare the messages from different sources, analyze and find media biases and the elements of propaganda. As the preliminary results suggest, most articles are biased, and one of them emphatically urges Americans to support the action.The first article in the scope, written by C.Arjentera and published in the Monterey County Star places accents and emphases in quite an unusual way. For instance, the article first and foremost describes the strike: â€Å"The union has announced that a strike, which would be the first for our system, would be a series of two-day rolling actions that would move from campus to campus sometime in April or May. Eventually affecting all 23 – including CSU-Monterey Bay† (Arjentera, 2007, p. 5).Furthermore, the author provides the criticism and claims of the dis satisfied faculty member who states that union is likely to decline after the introduction of the tradition of job actions. The paper also includes the local officials, but presenting their views, the article implicitly claims that the administration is merely concerned about the deterioration of education quality in the university, which might appear during the strike.The true cause of the strike is presented only at the end of the article: â€Å"Faculty and administrators agree CSU instructors are paid less that peers at comparable institutions in other states† (Arjentera, 2007, p. 5). As one can understand, the author seems to have kept in mind the features of human perception (the leading paragraph is most likely to be memorized) and deliberately placed the negative messages concerning the strike and the perceived poor professionalism at the beginning, whereas the participants’ problem are mentioned very briefly in the concluding chapter.On the contrary, the articl e at NBC.com is much more neutral and contains neither positive not negative propaganda. Its structure can be outlined in the following way: 1) a brief, but comprehensive idea about the strike; 2) the real extent of the problem (figures); 3) quotations of faculty members’ statements; 4) administration’s view on the problem and the statement of the need for compromise. The article seems to cover different views on the job action –from positively enthusiastic to extremely cautious, most importantly, there are real people, who stand beyond these messages: â€Å"We don’t understand why they feel they can’t make some kind of reasonable offer to us†. – Canton says†; â€Å"Well what about students? How do we make them competitive?How do we make sure the faculty (is) competitive? It’s not just about administrators†, said San Francisco Sen.Leland Yee† (http://www.nbc11.com/news, 2007). This means, the officials are in reality aware of the multiple sides of the situation and pay attention not merely to the strikers’ manifested needs, defended through a degree of pressure, but also at the possible positive outcomes, rather than putting forth the claims like ‘If we don’t reach consensus, the quality of education will fall’, implied in the previous paper.The official CSU site describes the event not merely as a PR-action, but as a pompous event: â€Å"John Travis, the president of the California Faculty Association, called it â€Å"a truly historic day† (Gavios, 2007). As one can understand, due to the fact that the web-page belongs to the university, it is supposed to highlight the subjective importance of the action for the staff, rather than in broader social context. Thus, the article describes the extent of the strike and its features – for instance, the author notes that the job action is not a traditional strike, as it doesn’t infringe upon the students’ interests and implies almost no withdrawal from work, merely walkouts and picketing.The implicit message in this focus is understandable: the author tries to show how the strikers care about their learners and how successfully they combine their labor with the protest. Furthermore, the paper contains no opinions of state officials and administration, narrowing the focus to few union members and the possibility of the introduction of additional efforts, if the strike at this stage is fruitless. Although this article contains certain biases like shifting accents, it cannot be classified as propaganda, as it simply resembles a position statement and the extent of support the strikers have received.The final paper I would like to analyze is the article by Leland Yee, which contains the elements of explicit propaganda and is performed in extremely emotional tone, which infer the senator’s   deep sympathy for the underpaid laborers: â€Å"It is no wonder the fa culty at our state universities are voting in overwhelming numbers to go on strike. I, like many other legislators, students and taxpayers, share the faculty’s frustration† (Yee, 2007).The official completely consents to the participants’ demands, moreover –restates them different times and argues that even the support from higher education network, which has doubled the teachers’ salaries over the two last years, nevertheless doesn’t fill the income gap, when comparing professors from CSU and other universities. The basic message the article underlies is: ‘Well-educated and professional staff should not be discriminated and discredited with low salaries’. The author finally encourages his audience to join the strike: â€Å"Please join us in bringing much needed transparency, accountability and public access to our institutions of higher education by supporting SB 190† (Yee, 2007)As one can understand from this analysis, o nly one article contains no biases, which is the paper on NBC.com, whose author seems impartial, consistent and logical, as the article is structured very soundly: the first paragraph answers all vital questions like â€Å"When?†, â€Å"Why?’, â€Å"Where?†, â€Å"Who else is involved?† (whereas Arjentera’s and Yee’s papers omit some of these questions in the first paragraph) ; in addition, the paper contains the fragments of opinions and standpoints,   which are different in nature and tone. Arjentera’s article contains too much words like â€Å"reject† or â€Å"refuse† as well as negative statements, pointing to the deficiencies rather than to goals and the possible steps towards compromise.Moreover, it is written in quite pessimistic spirit: â€Å"Union leaders dispute that most teachers would actually receive that much and disagree over a merit pay proposal† (the concluding paragraph) (Arjentera, 2007, p.5) . Thus, the author implies that the action is to certain degree pointless. Yee’s and Gavious’s papers are explicitly optimistic, and both seem to take the strikers’ side.Although the latter paper is situated on CSU site, it doesn’t contain any radical positions, but it can be declared as biased nonetheless, as the author doesn’t include the true impact of the strike on students and California state budget, yet he notes that the teachers will not miss many lessons. Yee’s paper contains explicit propaganda and the promotions of the strikers’ interests. Due to the fact that the author is the influential political figure, his request to support the participants is extremely strong in terms of its power over public consciousness.In conclusion, I would like to post my recommendations for citizens, who wish to learn more about the events. NBC.com has appeared the most reliable and credible source, but I wouldn’t like to advertise or p romote it – in fact, to launch critical thinking, it would be enough to read or listen to the news from three-four different sources and think carefully not merely on the strike itself, but also consider its financial side and outcomes for the state budget as well as the possible improvement of education quality at the university.Reference listArjentera, C. (22 March 2007). CSU faculty authorize a strike. Teachers still negotiating with college system. Monterey County Herald, p.5.NBC news. (21 March 2007). Votes Are In; CSU Strike Looms. Available online at: http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/Gavios, J. (22 March 2007). Faculty Union for California State U. Authorizes ‘Rolling Walkouts’ if Contract Negotiations Fall. Chronicles of Higher Education. Available online at: https://www2.calstate.edu/mediacenter/

The Buyer Utility Map Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Buyer Utility Map - Essay Example Wal-Mart has focused on improving the purchase experience by enabling its customers to get access to its products online. They can access product information at their comfort locations using mobile application. Moreover, customers can purchase from Wal-Mart stores online. It saves time and money for the customers. Delivery of commodities especially fresh farm produce services makes shopping simple and convenient. Customers will always consider the price of commodities and compare it with competing business irrespective of their economic status. The company intends to diversify customer convenience by increasing the number of retail branches and associates to enable customers purchase merchandise in their communities without incurring extra travelling expenditures. The price of its commodities is sensitive to people of all lifestyles and income levels. Through low-cost competitiveness, the company aims to remain the price leader to maintain its value-conscious

Royal Dutch Shell Group Strategic Management Essay

Royal Dutch Shell Group Strategic Management - Essay Example These definitions highlight both the internal and external roles of strategic management in terms of the organization. Further definitions will be given in following sections. Shell’s approach leading up to the new millennium was mainly internal, with massive restructuring of the organisation through divesting unprofitable business areas, eliminating unwanted bureaucratic levels of administration, and placing more power in the hands of a few executives, with the main control and authority coming from the corporate centre consisting of the committee of managing directors (CMD). This was established by flattening the organization’s structure and resulted in minimizing the channels of communication between the corporate center and the operating companies, thus making reporting less complicated. By 2000, Shell’s management structure consisted of the corporate center as the central authority, with executive officers from each of their business units reporting directly to the corporate center. The operating companies, in turn, reported to the business units. This constitutes a flatter organisation structure with a strong central leadership where the overall objectives and goals of the organisation are clearly communicated through the different entities, and problems facing the operating levels in different geographical regions can be effectively made known to the corporate centre for further strategic actions (see Dubrin, 2004; Mullins, 1999). In effect, it can be safely assumed that Shell was headed towards an authoritative style of management starting from the corporate center and continuing down through the executive offices of the business units and finally the operating units. A simpler structure is also helpful for the management in assessing more clearly employees’ performances in order to carry out appraisals and give rewards (Mullins, 1999; Brooks, 2006).

Justice System in the UAE Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Justice System in the UAE - Research Paper Example † (Judicial System in Abu Dhabi par 13) on the other hand, Ras Al Khaimah does not have a Court of Cassation. The major source of law is legislation. The UAE mainly follows the system of civil law, inspired by the French and Roman legal systems as well as the Egyptian law of civil codes. The court system is generally inquisitorial, unbound by precedent and comprised of specifically skilled judicial officers. Despite being a federation of United Emirates, the judicial scheme is not all-inclusive or wide ranging, as some of the emirates have their own self-governing judicial systems. In spite of being an Islamic nation, the application of Shari’ah law is controlled and contractual as well as commercial transactions are controlled by written commercial laws and codes that can be relied upon by the needs of western businesses. The Justice system: The Justice system in the UAE is mainly based on the Constitution of the UAE? 1971 (Constitution). The federation has control over all affairs assigned to it in the Constitution. Each individual member of United Emirates has power over their own territories in all matters? rather than just the exclusive authority of the federation, as set out in the UAE Constitution. Additionally, every Emirate has a hereditary sovereign who exercises substantial control over his own Emirate. The 7 rulers, as members or associates of the Supreme Council, jointly exercise control over the UAE. The Sharia civil law systems are the chief sources of legislation (Constitution). Civil law system: The UAE functions in civil law statutes and such systems are the primary source of law. Decisions of the high courts in the UAE are not based on any decisions made by low courts. â€Å"In litigation matters, the pleadings submitted by the parties - plaints or written statements - play a determining role as the courts generally decide cases based upon them† (Latheef par 4). Every case is discussed and a decision is reached based on it s own facts and merits. Every proceeding in the court is in Arabic. All Non-Arabic documents filed in the court by appellants are to be converted into Arabic by a translator licensed by the Ministry of Justice. The Sharia: Generally, the Sharia is a body of ethical, religious and legal rules. The fundamental and basic roots of Islamic Sharia are: The Koran? which is a compilation of divinely ordained policies. The Sunna that includes the teachings of Prophet (Hadith), as well as an account of his proceeding and actions. Sharia is established on well-known concepts of equity and justice, and its practical effect in commercial matters is frequently the same as would be attained in Western law. â€Å"To say that the Shari’a should govern judicial decisions is to refer to a process rather than to specify a result. Shari’a itself includes different schools of thought on a number of legal issues. However, it is founded on familiar concepts of justice and equity, and the pra ctical result in commercial matters is often, though not always, the same as would be reached under Western jurisprudence† (United Arab Emirates par 257). For example, Sharia strives to provide effect to the party’s intention in matters of contract. On the other hand, the intention of the party may be in a different way construed by jurists in the two systems. For instance, one researcher has argued convincingly that in many cases? traditional Sharia would let go the parties

Exploring Research Designs and The Relationship to the Research Essay

Exploring Research Designs and The Relationship to the Research Question - Essay Example 3. Provide an example of the hypothesis for the study. 4. Write a 750-word paper including the research question and design, and explain why the research design is appropriate for the research question. 5. Identify the research design as correlational, quasi-experimental, or experimental, and defend your choice using a critical approach including cited references. 6. Provide an example of how you could change the research question to use a different research design. Topic: Exploring Research Designs and The Relationship to the Research Question Exploring relationship between research design and the research question By The present study aims to explore the linkage between the research design and the research question. While â€Å"research is the discovery of answers to questions through the application of scientific and systematic procedures†; the research question asks what the tentative relationship among variables might be, or it asks about the state of nature of some pheno menon (Keyton, 2006). On the other hand, a research design can be viewed as somewhat like a master plan. It stipulates the methods and procedures that are to be adopted for collecting and analysing the necessary information for the research (Zikmund & Babin, 2007). A different perspective of research design was presented by Zikumnd & Babin (2007) – that the research design is somewhat like a master plan, which specifies the methods and procedures to be adopted for collecting and analysing the required information. The research problem Considering these definitions, the present work proceeds to develop a research question for a quantitative study on the relationship between one dependent variable ‘wage’ and three independent variables - (1) educational attainment, (2) skill (professional qualification) and (3) ability (experience). A variable is an element that is specifically identified in the research hypotheses or questions, necessitating to be expressed as mor e than one value or in various categories (Keyton, 2006). It is common wisdom that education benefits the individual, the nation and the society as well in many ways. While, the individual is benefitted in the form of increase wages and consequently a better lifestyle; the nation is benefitted in terms of increased taxes. The society too is benefitted as researchers have observed that college graduates have shown to have lower smoking rates, more positive perception towards personal health, and healthier lifestyles than the less educated (Baum & Ma, 2007). Overall the society is benefitted in the form of more responsible citizens, which is believed to be due to educational achievement. Whereas, these benefits generally delineate the qualitative characteristics of the issue, there is a need to know how educational attainment, professional qualification and experience influence the wages earned by an individual. The research question The study is significant and desirable and therefor e, it is worthwhile to undertake a research on the subject. Accordingly, the purpose of the study was to explore the correlation between